"I half-wonder if some faculty secretly thinks bullying is a *good* thing that punishes misfits for them."
There are adults who think this. They are real and they are incorrect.
No, I can't make an outcast kid feel like they are a part of the class 100 percent. But, I can make them feel like they are just as valued as everyone else and deserve to be treated with respect.
Teens don't like it when you point out they are being a jerk. They will stop, or tone it down.